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Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > computing laboratory
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Вычислительная техника: вычислительная лаборатория -
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English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > computing laboratory
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English-Russian information technology > computing laboratory
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Англо-русский словарь по исследованиям и ноу-хау > computing laboratory
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8 computing
1. n вычисление, расчёт2. n вычислительная техника3. a вычислительныйСинонимический ряд:1. summation (noun) accretion; addition; summation; summing up; tabulating; totaling2. numbering (verb) calculating; casting; ciphering; counting; enumerating; estimating; figuring; numbering; numerating; reckoning; tallying; tell off -
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English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > laboratory
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10 вычислительная лаборатория
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > вычислительная лаборатория
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11 ACL
1) Компьютерная техника: Audit Command Language2) Геология: The American Classical League3) Морской термин: anti-collision light( сокр.) (навигационный огонь, огонь для предупреждения столкновений)4) Медицина: A Changed Life, anterior cruciate ligament5) Военный термин: Access Control Level, Aircraft Cabin Load, Allowable Cabin Load, Atlantic coast line, advanced concept laboratory, aircraft circular letter, aircraft control link, allowable cargo load, allowable container load, authorized consumption list, aviation circular letter, aeronautical computer laboratory( сокр.) (лаборатория авиационных вычислительных машин)7) Шутливое выражение: Another Classless Laker8) Религия: Academy For Church Leadership, Authentic Christian Living9) Железнодорожный термин: CSX Transportation Incorporated10) Юридический термин: Australian Current Law11) Грубое выражение: Ass Crack Licker12) Испанский язык: Чилийская академия языкознания (сокр. от Academia Chilena de la Lengua = Chilean Academy of Linguistics)13) Телекоммуникации: Average Call Length14) Сокращение: Action Centered Leadership, Address Correction Letter test (Wilmington DE, Apr '92, printed CFS address changes), Advanced Cmos Logic, Advanced Computing Laboratory, Avionics Cooling Loop, Association for Computational Linguistics, Amateur Cinema League of America (Американская лига кинолюбителей), American Classical League (Американская лига классической филологии), Association of Cinema Laboratories (Ассоциация кинолабораторий (США)), allowable cabin load (допустимая загрузка (салона) самолёта), acceptance [acceptable] quality level (приемлемое качество, приемлемый процент годности)15) Физиология: Anterior Clavicular Line16) Хирургия: anterior cross-shaped ligament, anterior cruciform ligament17) Электроника: Active Current Loop, Aliasing Controlling Language18) Вычислительная техника: Association for Computer Linguistics, Agent Control Language (Agents), Access Control List (DCE, DFS, NDS, AD), (MS) Access Compatibility Layer (MS, DB), Association for Computational Linguistics (organization, USA), access control list (список управления доступом), agent communication language (язык общения агентов), контрольный список для проверки числа пользователей в сети19) Нефть: Alternate Concentration Limit (An alternative to the concentration limit set by EPA or a state for a particular hazardous substance or waste)20) Иммунология: anticardiolipin21) Португальский язык: Академия литературы в Рио-де-Жанейро (Бразилия) (сокр. от Academia Carioca de Letras = Rio de Janeiro Academy of Letters), Лиссабонская королевская академия наук (сокр. от Academia das Ciências de Lisbõa = Lisbon Royal Academy of Sciences)22) Транспорт: Angels Crucial Leg23) Силикатное производство: applied ceramic color label or lettering24) Фирменный знак: Automotive Components Limited25) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: approved contractor list26) Сетевые технологии: Agent Communication Language, authorization control list, контрольный список для санкционирования доступа, список контроля доступа, список управления доступом27) Автоматика: autonomous control logic28) Химическое оружие: All Critical Learning29) Военно-морской флот: automatic carrier landing (автоматическая посадка (самолётов) на авианосец)30) Безопасность: access level31) Расширение файла: Access Control List, Application Control Language, Automatic Circuit Layout, Keyboard accelerator (Corel Draw 6), Asynchronous Connection-Less (link)32) Светотехника: AirCraft Lamp (тип источников света, дающих четкие лучи)33) Нефть и газ: Approved Chemicals List (Список химических реагентов одобренных к использованию на предприятии)34) Электротехника: armored cable, lead-sheath35) NYSE. Ace, Ltd. -
12 aCL
1) Компьютерная техника: Audit Command Language2) Геология: The American Classical League3) Морской термин: anti-collision light( сокр.) (навигационный огонь, огонь для предупреждения столкновений)4) Медицина: A Changed Life, anterior cruciate ligament5) Военный термин: Access Control Level, Aircraft Cabin Load, Allowable Cabin Load, Atlantic coast line, advanced concept laboratory, aircraft circular letter, aircraft control link, allowable cargo load, allowable container load, authorized consumption list, aviation circular letter, aeronautical computer laboratory( сокр.) (лаборатория авиационных вычислительных машин)7) Шутливое выражение: Another Classless Laker8) Религия: Academy For Church Leadership, Authentic Christian Living9) Железнодорожный термин: CSX Transportation Incorporated10) Юридический термин: Australian Current Law11) Грубое выражение: Ass Crack Licker12) Испанский язык: Чилийская академия языкознания (сокр. от Academia Chilena de la Lengua = Chilean Academy of Linguistics)13) Телекоммуникации: Average Call Length14) Сокращение: Action Centered Leadership, Address Correction Letter test (Wilmington DE, Apr '92, printed CFS address changes), Advanced Cmos Logic, Advanced Computing Laboratory, Avionics Cooling Loop, Association for Computational Linguistics, Amateur Cinema League of America (Американская лига кинолюбителей), American Classical League (Американская лига классической филологии), Association of Cinema Laboratories (Ассоциация кинолабораторий (США)), allowable cabin load (допустимая загрузка (салона) самолёта), acceptance [acceptable] quality level (приемлемое качество, приемлемый процент годности)15) Физиология: Anterior Clavicular Line16) Хирургия: anterior cross-shaped ligament, anterior cruciform ligament17) Электроника: Active Current Loop, Aliasing Controlling Language18) Вычислительная техника: Association for Computer Linguistics, Agent Control Language (Agents), Access Control List (DCE, DFS, NDS, AD), (MS) Access Compatibility Layer (MS, DB), Association for Computational Linguistics (organization, USA), access control list (список управления доступом), agent communication language (язык общения агентов), контрольный список для проверки числа пользователей в сети19) Нефть: Alternate Concentration Limit (An alternative to the concentration limit set by EPA or a state for a particular hazardous substance or waste)20) Иммунология: anticardiolipin21) Португальский язык: Академия литературы в Рио-де-Жанейро (Бразилия) (сокр. от Academia Carioca de Letras = Rio de Janeiro Academy of Letters), Лиссабонская королевская академия наук (сокр. от Academia das Ciências de Lisbõa = Lisbon Royal Academy of Sciences)22) Транспорт: Angels Crucial Leg23) Силикатное производство: applied ceramic color label or lettering24) Фирменный знак: Automotive Components Limited25) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: approved contractor list26) Сетевые технологии: Agent Communication Language, authorization control list, контрольный список для санкционирования доступа, список контроля доступа, список управления доступом27) Автоматика: autonomous control logic28) Химическое оружие: All Critical Learning29) Военно-морской флот: automatic carrier landing (автоматическая посадка (самолётов) на авианосец)30) Безопасность: access level31) Расширение файла: Access Control List, Application Control Language, Automatic Circuit Layout, Keyboard accelerator (Corel Draw 6), Asynchronous Connection-Less (link)32) Светотехника: AirCraft Lamp (тип источников света, дающих четкие лучи)33) Нефть и газ: Approved Chemicals List (Список химических реагентов одобренных к использованию на предприятии)34) Электротехника: armored cable, lead-sheath35) NYSE. Ace, Ltd. -
13 DCL
1) Компьютерная техника: Data Control Language, Dec Control Language2) Геология: A Digital Christian Library3) Военный термин: data checklist, detailed checklist, detailed configuration list, direct communications link4) Техника: data check list, designated command line, digital computer laboratory, direct-current leakage5) Автомобильный термин: data communication link6) Сокращение: Defence Contractors List (UK), Depanneur Chars Leclerc ARV (France), Direct-Coupled Logic, door closer7) Университет: Digital Computing Laboratory8) Вычислительная техника: Digital Command Language, designer choice logic, язык управления данными, DEC Control Language (DEC), Digital Command (scripting) Language (DEC, VMS)9) Космонавтика: Duel Current Layer10) Программирование: Dynamic Component Library, динамическая библиотека компонентов11) Расширение файла: Device Clear, Digital Control Logic, Delphi Component Library (Borland Delphi), DEC Command Language (DEC), Digital Command Language (Digital) -
14 dcl
1) Компьютерная техника: Data Control Language, Dec Control Language2) Геология: A Digital Christian Library3) Военный термин: data checklist, detailed checklist, detailed configuration list, direct communications link4) Техника: data check list, designated command line, digital computer laboratory, direct-current leakage5) Автомобильный термин: data communication link6) Сокращение: Defence Contractors List (UK), Depanneur Chars Leclerc ARV (France), Direct-Coupled Logic, door closer7) Университет: Digital Computing Laboratory8) Вычислительная техника: Digital Command Language, designer choice logic, язык управления данными, DEC Control Language (DEC), Digital Command (scripting) Language (DEC, VMS)9) Космонавтика: Duel Current Layer10) Программирование: Dynamic Component Library, динамическая библиотека компонентов11) Расширение файла: Device Clear, Digital Control Logic, Delphi Component Library (Borland Delphi), DEC Command Language (DEC), Digital Command Language (Digital) -
15 OUCL
Вычислительная техника: Oxford University Computing Laboratory -
16 Forrester, Jay Wright
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 14 July 1918 Anselmo, Nebraska, USA[br]American electrical engineer and management expert who invented the magnetic-core random access memory used in most early digital computers.[br]Born on a cattle ranch, Forrester obtained a BSc in electrical engineering at the University of Nebraska in 1939 and his MSc at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he remained to teach and carry out research. Becoming interested in computing, he established the Digital Computer Laboratory at MIT in 1945 and became involved in the construction of Whirlwind I, an early general-purpose computer completed in March 1951 and used for flight-simulation by the US Army Air Force. Finding the linear memories then available for storing data a major limiting factor in the speed at which computers were able to operate, he developed a three-dimensional store based on the binary switching of the state of small magnetic cores that could be addressed and switched by a matrix of wires carrying pulses of current. The machine used parallel synchronous fixed-point computing, with fifteen binary digits and a plus sign, i.e. 16 bits in all, and contained 5,000 vacuum tubes, eleven semiconductors and a 2 MHz clock for the arithmetic logic unit. It occupied a two-storey building and consumed 150kW of electricity. From his experience with the development and use of computers, he came to realize their great potential for the simulation and modelling of real situations and hence for the solution of a variety of management problems, using data communications and the technique now known as interactive graphics. His later career was therefore in this field, first at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Massachusetts (1951) and subsequently (from 1956) as Professor at the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNational Academy of Engineering 1967. George Washington University Inventor of the Year 1968. Danish Academy of Science Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal 1969. Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society Award for Outstanding Accomplishments 1972. Computer Society Pioneer Award 1972. Institution of Electrical Engineers Medal of Honour 1972. National Inventors Hall of Fame 1979. Magnetics Society Information Storage Award 1988. Honorary DEng Nebraska 1954, Newark College of Engineering 1971, Notre Dame University 1974. Honorary DSc Boston 1969, Union College 1973. Honorary DPolSci Mannheim University, Germany. Honorary DHumLett, State University of New York 1988.Bibliography1951, "Data storage in three dimensions using magnetic cores", Journal of Applied Physics 20: 44 (his first description of the core store).Publications on management include: 1961, Industrial Dynamics, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press; 1968, Principles of Systems, 1971, Urban Dynamics, 1980, with A.A.Legasto \& J.M.Lyneis, System Dynamics, North Holland. 1975, Collected Papers, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT.Further ReadingK.C.Redmond \& T.M.Smith, Project Whirlwind, the History of a Pioneer Computer (provides details of the Whirlwind computer).H.H.Goldstine, 1993, The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann, Princeton University Press (for more general background to the development of computers).Serrell et al., 1962, "Evolution of computing machines", Proceedings of the Institute ofRadio Engineers 1,047.M.R.Williams, 1975, History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.See also: Burks, Arthur Walter; Goldstine, Herman H.; Wilkes, Maurice Vincent; Williams, Sir Frederic CallandKF -
17 Williams, Sir Frederic Calland
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 26 June 1911 Stockport, Cheshire, Englandd. 11 August 1977 Prestbury, Cheshire, England[br]English electrical engineer who invented the Williams storage cathode ray tube, which was extensively used worldwide as a data memory in the first digital computers.[br]Following education at Stockport Grammar School, Williams entered Manchester University in 1929, gaining his BSc in 1932 and MSc in 1933. After a short time as a college apprentice with Metropolitan Vickers, he went to Magdalen College, Oxford, to study for a DPhil, which he was awarded in 1936. He returned to Manchester University that year as an assistant lecturer, gaining his DSc in 1939. Following the outbreak of the Second World War he worked for the Scientific Civil Service, initially at the Bawdsey Research Station and then at the Telecommunications Research Establishment at Malvern, Worcestershire. There he was involved in research on non-incandescent amplifiers and diode rectifiers and the development of the first practical radar system capable of identifying friendly aircraft. Later in the war, he devised an automatic radar system suitable for use by fighter aircraft.After the war he resumed his academic career at Manchester, becoming Professor of Electrical Engineering and Director of the University Electrotechnical Laboratory in 1946. In the same year he succeeded in developing a data-memory device based on the cathode ray tube, in which the information was stored and read by electron-beam scanning of a charge-retaining target. The Williams storage tube, as it became known, not only found obvious later use as a means of storing single-frame, still television images but proved to be a vital component of the pioneering Manchester University MkI digital computer. Because it enabled both data and program instructions to be stored in the computer, it was soon used worldwide in the development of the early stored-program computers.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1976. OBE 1945. CBE 1961. FRS 1950. Hon. DSc Durham 1964, Sussex 1971, Wales 1971. First Royal Society of Arts Benjamin Franklin Medal 1957. City of Philadelphia John Scott Award 1960. Royal Society Hughes Medal 1963. Institution of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1972. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Pioneer Award 1973.BibliographyWilliams contributed papers to many scientific journals, including Proceedings of the Royal Society, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Wireless Engineer, Post Office Electrical Engineers' Journal. Note especially: 1948, with J.Kilburn, "Electronic digital computers", Nature 162:487; 1949, with J.Kilburn, "A storage system for use with binary digital computing machines", Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 96:81; 1975, "Early computers at Manchester University", Radio \& Electronic Engineer 45:327. Williams also collaborated in the writing of vols 19 and 20 of the MIT RadiationLaboratory Series.Further ReadingB.Randell, 1973, The Origins of Digital Computers, Berlin: Springer-Verlag. M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall. See also: Stibitz, George R.; Strachey, Christopher.KFBiographical history of technology > Williams, Sir Frederic Calland
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18 Goldstine, Herman H.
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 13 September 1913 USA[br]American mathematician largely responsible for the development of ENIAC, an early electronic computer.[br]Goldstine studied mathematics at the University of Chicago, Illinois, gaining his PhD in 1936. After teaching mathematics there, he moved to a similar position at the University of Michigan in 1939, becoming an assistant professor. After the USA entered the Second World War, in 1942 he joined the army as a lieutenant in the Ballistic Missile Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. He was then assigned to the Moore School of Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, where he was involved with Arthur Burks in building the valve-based Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) to compute ballistic tables. The machine was completed in 1946, but prior to this Goldstine had met John von Neumann of the Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) at Princeton, New Jersey, and active collaboration between them had already begun. After the war he joined von Neumann as Assistant Director of the Computer Project at the Institute of Advanced Studies, Princeton, becoming its Director in 1954. There he developed the idea of computer-flow diagrams and, with von Neumann, built the first computer to use a magnetic drum for data storage. In 1958 he joined IBM as Director of the Mathematical Sciences Department, becoming Director of Development at the IBM Data Processing Headquarters in 1965. Two years later he became a Research Consultant, and in 1969 he became an IBM Research Fellow.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGoldstine's many awards include three honorary degrees for his contributions to the development of computers.Bibliography1946, with A.Goldstine, "The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)", Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation 2:97 (describes the work on ENIAC).1946, with A.W.Burks and J.von Neumann, "Preliminary discussions of the logical design of an electronic computing instrument", Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies.1972, The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann, Princeton University Press.1977, "A brief history of the computer", Proceedings of the American Physical Society 121:339.Further ReadingM.Campbell-Kelly \& M.R.Williams (eds), 1985, The Moore School Lectures (1946), Charles Babbage Institute Report Series for the History of Computing, Vol 9. M.R.Williams, 1985, History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.KF -
19 time
(a) (in general) temps mtime frame délai m;time limit délai;∎ the work must be completed within the time limit le travail doit être terminé avant la date limite;time management gestion f du temps de travail;time to market temps m d'accès au marché;time and methods study étude des temps et des méthodes;time and motion consultant expert m en productivité, spécialiste m f de l'organisation scientifique du travail;time and motion studies organisation f scientifique du travail, OST f;time and motion study étude de productivité (qui porte sur l'organisation scientifique du travail); MARKETING time pricing fixation f des prix en fonction du moment;COMPUTING time sharing partage m de temps;time slot créneau m horaire;STOCK EXCHANGE time value valeur f temporelle(b) (by clock) heure f;∎ time of arrival/departure heure d'arrivée/de départtime card feuille f de présence;time clock pointeuse f;time difference décalage m horaire;time rate rémunération f au temps passé;time sheet fiche f horaire;time work travail m à l'heure;STOCK EXCHANGE time bargain marché m à terme;FINANCE time bill traite f à terme;American time deposit dépôt m à terme;time draft traite à terme;time loan emprunt m à terme;INSURANCE time policy police f à terme;time value valeur f temporelle∎ we pay time and a half on weekends nous payons les heures du week-end une fois et demie le tarif normal;∎ overtime is paid at double time les heures supplémentaires sont payées ou comptées doubleAvnet Applied Computing (AAC) … officially opened a new engineering laboratory built to provide a resource-rich environment where original equipment manufacturer customers and AAC engineers can work side-by-side to cut the time to market of their designs.
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20 Strachey, Christopher
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 16 November 1916 Englandd. 18 May 1975 Oxford, England[br]English physicist and computer engineer who proposed time-sharing as a more efficient means of using a mainframe computer.[br]After education at Gresham's School, London, Strachey went to King's College, Cambridge, where he completed an MA. In 1937 he took up a post as a physicist at the Standard Telephone and Cable Company, then during the Second World War he was involved in radar research. In 1944 he became an assistant master at St Edmunds School, Canterbury, moving to Harrow School in 1948. Another change of career in 1951 saw him working as a Technical Officer with the National Research and Development Corporation, where he was involved in computer software and hardware design. From 1958 until 1962 he was an independent consultant in computer design, and during this time (1959) he realized that as mainframe computers were by then much faster than their human operators, their efficiency could be significantly increased by "time-sharing" the tasks of several operators in rapid succession. Strachey made many contributions to computer technology, being variously involved in the design of the Manchester University MkI, Elliot and Ferranti Pegasus computers. In 1962 he joined Cambridge University Mathematics Laboratory as a senior research fellow at Churchill College and helped to develop the programming language CPL. After a brief period as Visiting Lecturer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he returned to the UK in 1966 as Reader in Computation and Fellow of Wolfeon College, Oxford, to establish a programming research group. He remained there until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsDistinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society 1972.Bibliography1961, with M.R.Wilkes, "Some proposals for improving the efficiency of Algol 60", Communications of the ACM 4:488.1966, "Systems analysis and programming", Scientific American 25:112. 1976, with R.E.Milne, A Theory of Programming Language Semantics.Further ReadingJ.Alton, 1980, Catalogue of the Papers of C. Strachey 1916–1975.M.Campbell-Kelly, 1985, "Christopher Strachey 1916–1975. A biographical note", Annals of the History of Computing 7:19.M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.KF
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